Current prevalence estimates indicate that approximately 15% of Canadian children may meet CDC criteria for "overweight", and that another 30-40% may be "at risk for overweight"1,7,72. This high and rapidly increasing prevalence will significantly impact the health of Canadians over the course of the next century. While action to stabilize and reverse this trend is urgently required, such action must be based on the best available evidence to ensure optimal outcomes and cost-effectiveness. This report reviews existing high-quality evidence for interventions to prevent and treat childhood obesity. Interventions supported by high-quality evidence are presented as recommendations for action. Where evidence is lacking or conflicting, recommendations for research prioritie highlight information urgently required to direct future interventions.